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The United States Census of 1860 was the eighth Census conducted in the United States starting June 1, 1860 and lasting five months. It determined the population of the United States to be 31,443,321, an increase of 35.4 percent over the 23,191,875 persons enumerated during the 1850 Census. The total population included 3,953,761 slaves, representing 12.6% of the total population. By the time the 1860 census returns were ready for tabulation, the nation was sinking into the American Civil War. As a result, Census Superintendent Joseph C. G. Kennedy and his staff produced only an abbreviated set of public reports, without graphic or cartographic representations. The statistics did allow the Census staff to produce a cartographic display, including preparing maps of Southern states, for Union field commanders. These maps displayed militarily vital topics, including white population, slave population, predominant agricultural products (by county), and rail and post road transportation routes. ==Census questions== The 1860 census Schedule 1 (Population) collected the following information:〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.census.gov/history/pdf/1860_questionnaire.pdf )〕 {| border="1" class="wikitable" | align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|Column | align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|Title | align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|Notes |- | 1||Dwelling-houses—numbered in the order of visitation.|| |- | 2||Families numbered in the order of visitation|| |- | 3||The name of every person whose usual place of abode on the first date of June 1860, was in this family.|| |- | 4||Description: Age.|| |- | 5||Description: Sex.||M or F |- | 6||Description: Color, {White, black, or mulatto.||W, B or M |- | 7||Profession, Occupation, or Trade of each person, male and female, over 15 years of age.|| |- | 8||Value of Estate Owned: Value of Real Estate.|| |- | 9||Value of Estate Owned: Value of Personal Estate.|| |- | 10||Place of Birth, Naming the State, Territory, or Country.|| |- | 11||Married within the year.||Marked with '/' |- | 12||Attended School within the year.||Marked with '/' |- | 13||Persons over 20 years of age who can not read and write.||Marked with '/' |- | 14||Whether deaf and dumb, blind, insane, idiotic, pauper, or convict.|| |- |} 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「1860 United States Census」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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